Policy memo Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Policy memo - Assignment Example The people affected are those who practice other religious elements apart from the Islamic practices. These elements moved to the extent of affecting the government such that Gadhafi’s regime during then resulted to favoring Arabs excessively than other citizens that existed in Libya. These actions caused war and rebellions in Libya. There was a movement for democracy and equality among the citizens of Libya whereby to date religious freedom is not easily that easy attainable. This calls for a democratic strategy that would enhance proper redress to these issues geared at enhancing equality among the people of Libya. Background Aspects of inequality and disparities in the operation of the government of Libya are increasingly taking place without any proper redress. One of the most outstanding factors that insinuate a high level of discrimination in the country is the aspect of religion. The Muslim society is continuously taking over the religious aspects of the country. Additi onally, this affects the form of governance that the Libyan people experience today. A continuous trend in this element of the societal setting will result to an intensified identity division based on religious factors. Unfortunately, such factors may also lead to deterioration of peaceful coexistence in the nation if respective authorities fail to rectify them. This has prompted to the call for a democratic framework that would result to an all-round equality among citizens of the Libyan republic. Discussion The religious and ethnic groups in Libya Libya is one of the countries with extremely diversified ethnic and religious bases. Although the Libyan population has around 97% of Islamic religion, other religious groups like Catholics, Romans, Coptic and Anglicans also exist within the state. This prompts the entire state be a diversified base of religious groups. All these religious groups deserve freedom to worship and engage in various activities based on their creeds. However, the Libyan religious groups have received numerous oppressive practices resulting from the al Gadhafi regime. During this regime, there was a close monitoring of religious activities in the Libyan society. This went to an extent the regime dictated ways in which sermons ought to be. These acts affected the distribution of churches within in Libya. Only Christians had the opportunity to have the limitation of having one church in every city throughout the state. This was also under the condition that they do not engage in political issues. These factors lead to total discrimination among the people of Libya. This happened to an extent that the government received influence from the Islamic laws and religion. Even after the Gadhafi regime, such elements still seem traceable (Van Genugten, 2011). Elements of oppression still exist and it becomes difficult to freedom of religion in Libya. As a result, discrimination has led to disparities even in the political systems. These actions cal l democratic ideas that would favor the religious equality and ethnic recognition. Women in Libya also experienced devastation due to discriminatory practices under Gadhafi’s regime. Bothe sexes in the entire state have enjoy similar privileges under the law. However, women were still experiencing some extent of discrimination in given biological aspects of the society. The family law was one of the effects that influenced women actions in the society. These factors affected the operation of

Research Paper on Americans with Disabilities Act Essay Example for Free

Research Paper on Americans with Disabilities Act Essay Before starting this class and especially the research paper, I knew very little about the ADA. During the period of research and writing the paper I hope to obtain a better grasp on the ADA in general. But I also hope to learn some things that my current place of employment can improve our standards when it comes to those with disabilities. The ADA was signed into law on July 26, 1990 by then President George H. W. Bush. It prohibits discrimination based on disability and only disability. It is fairly similar to the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Implementing the Americans with Disabilities Act. Blackwell Publishing. General Discussion Analysis The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA) is a civil-rights law that was passed on July 26, 1990 (Acemoglu). Kathryn Moss suggests that the ADA is arguably the most important civil rights law for people with disabilities and the most significant since the Civil Rights Act of 1964. The ADA is a federal legislation that forbids discrimination of various sorts and allows the 43 million Americans with disabilities an equal opportunity for employment and services. It provides fairly similar protections against discrimination to Americans with disabilities as the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which made discrimination based on race, religion, sex, national origin, and other characteristics illegal. The Merriam-Webster dictionary defines being disabled as â€Å"incapacitated by illness or injury; also physically or mentally impaired in a way that substantially limits activity especially in relation to employment or education. The law was written enable people with disabilities to not only enter the job market but to also remain employed. In the late 1980’s, a House of Representatives report came to a conclusion that more than 8. 2 million disabled individuals were unemployed despite their desire to work. Also, those disabled individuals earned 36 to 38 percent less than their counterparts (Faillace). According to Gary Dessler, â€Å"employers with 15 or more workers are prohibited from discriminating against qualified individuals with disabilities with regard to applications, hiring, discharge, compensation, advancement, training, or other terms, conditions, or privileges of employment. It also says that employers must make ‘reasonable accommodations’ for physical or mental limitations unless doing so imposes an ‘undue hardship’ on the business. † It not only prohibits discrimination in employment but also outlaws most physical barriers in public accommodations, transportation, telecommunications, and government services. Although the ADA does not specifically list any disabilities, the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission’s (EEOC) guidelines state that when an individual has a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activity then the individual is in fact disabled. It goes on to state that impairments can include any physiological disorder or condition, cosmetic disfigurement, or anatomical loss affecting one or more of several body systems, or any mental or psychological disorder (Dessler). Among the protected classes are persons with AIDS and substance abusers who are in treatment. Some 50 million current or potential workers are estimated to be covered by the laws provisions (Columbia Encyclopedia). However, the act does list some conditions that are not to be considered as disabilities. These include â€Å"homosexuality, bisexuality, voyeurism, compulsive gambling, pyromania, and certain disorders resulting from the current illegal use of drugs† (Dessler). The act has already been much litigated. In 1999, for instance, the U. S. Supreme Court ruled that correctable conditions like eyesight requiring the use of glasses do not qualify as disabilities under the act, and a 2002 decision established that a disability must limit a persons ability to perform tasks of central importance not just in the workplace but in daily life (Fielder). Studies suggest that the number of disabled persons entering the workforce has not improved significantly, and that a contributing factor may be their reluctance to lose other benefits available to them on the basis of their disabilities (DeLiere). Although the President’s Committee on Employment of People with Disabilities reports that the cost of making an accommodation for an employee with a disability averages around $200 per employee with many costing less than $50. But espite this relatively small cost, many employers are still stereotyping disabled individuals and fear that the accommodations may disrupt the workplace (Blanck). Dale Brown states there are several myths regarding the Americans with Disabilities Act. He says the â€Å"ADA does not give you the right to a job because you have a disability. You must be qualified and compete and you may be rejected from a job just like anyone else. It does not give extra points in getting a job, the ADA is not an affirmativ e action statute. That is, its not intended to make up for past discrimination by requiring the employers hire a certain number of people with disabilities or giving them incentives to do so. It also does not allow any special privileges on the job. Although sometimes reasonable accommodation might look like special privileges to other people, you have the same responsibilities and challenges as your fellow employees. † In essence, you still must be as qualified or more qualified than a fellow prospective job applicant in order to receive the position. There will be no punishment for the employer if the disabled applicant is not hired because of the two applicant’s qualifications. TITLE I-Employment Title I of the ADA contains the law’s employment provisions. This is where the law states that private employers (the exact term in the law is covered entity) with 15 or more employees must not discriminate against qualified individuals with disabilities. A qualified individual is a person that can perform the essential duties and functions of a job or position with reasonable accommodations. One may see a potential loophole with the act based on those two words â€Å"reasonable accommodations. † The definition of reasonable accommodations along with any other possible complaint against a company is taking on a case by case basis. But such accommodations are required only if making them does not place an undue hardship on the employer (Moss). Title I applies to all aspects of one’s job including application procedures, hiring, promotion and discharge, worker’s compensation, job training, and more (Blanck). Another aspect of the job that is covered under the ADA is if a prospective job applicant is related o or associated with a person who has a disability. For example, if an employer will not hire someone because they may think the prospective applicant would be too consumed with taking care of the disabled person, it would be illegal for the employer to not hire the applicant for that reason (Brown). Cases filed against employers regarding Title I te nd to be not cases about fact but rather about personal and social attitudes because they tend to involve the â€Å"states of mind of the various players in the story† (Krieger). Krieger goes on to state that juries and judges are asked to imagine the state of mind of an employer who was faced with hiring an applicant or not hiring an applicant that is, for example, obese. Or to fire an employee who has â€Å"nonsymptomatic AIDS. † In many cases it comes down to the personality and presentation of the person or persons under trial rather than the facts, because there may not be any facts, just allegations. An employee must perform the essential functions, those activities that are intrinsic to a job. The essential functions are determined individually for each job. However, an employee is still considered as a qualified candidate or employee if it only takes reasonable accommodation to meet the functions of the job. According to Dale Brown, making reasonable accommodations usually means â€Å"removing obstacles from the job, the workplace, or the terms and conditions of employment that would otherwise prevent an otherwise qualified person with a disability from doing the job. † He goes on to give an example of what reasonable accommodation may be. He states that computers and calculators are reasonable accommodations that may help many people whom have learning disabilities or dyslexia with routine arithmetic and proofreading functions. Also, in order for an employer to make these reasonable accommodations to the workplace, they must have knowledge of the disability of the applicant or employee. If the employer is not made aware of the disability they may not be held responsible for any discrimination. The discrimination can not take place until the disability is actually disclosed. Even then, the employer is legally allowed to ask for medical documentation and evaluate it before they determine whether or not the request is appropriate (West). Meaning, the burden of proof that the disability substantially limits a major life role lies on the applicant or employee along with their health provider. Not only must the health care provider and applicant or employee prove that a disability is present, but must also prove that the requested accommodation is a necessity to perform their job. If the employer will not make the accommodations, the applicant or employee can pay for the accommodation out of their own pocket. Ruth Colker states that if an applicant or employee offers to pay for the accommodation, the employer can not say no unless it is disruptive. So again, it is up to the jury or judge to determine what is and what is not disruptive. This is again why each ADA case or complaint is handled differently and there is no real precedent in these cases. TITLE II-Public Services Title II has two different sections. One that covers public entities and the other is specific to public transportation provided by public entities. The section that covers public agencies includes local, county, state government and their departments and agencies. Title II covers all activities, services, and programs of the public entities (Americans). The first section includes entities like schools, city governments, and fire stations. Accessibility means that each program is readily accessible to and usable by individuals with disabilities. Program accessibility is necessary not only for individuals with mobility impairments, but also for individuals with vision and hearing impairments (Americans). Meaning leaders of the entities need to consider not only physical obstructions such as doors and restrooms but also visual and hearing barriers such as accessible building signage, public telephones and alarms with visible signals. The second section, which covers the public transportation of the aforementioned public entities, includes services operated by state and local government by regulations of the Department of Transportation. It also includes facilities used for the public transportation systems such as bus stations, railway stations and airports along with vehicles used in public transportation (Americans). Again, the basis for this title is that no qualified individual with a disability will be subjected to any sort of discrimination by a public entity. It also states that the individual not be deprived of any benefits of services or activities of the public entity due to the disability as well. Any sort of accessibility or service that is lacking from any of the public entities can be considered discrimination regardless of who it actually affects. TITLE III- Public Accommodations Title III of the ADA is the title that applies to private entities such as hotels, stores, gas stations, etc. It is very similar to Title II just in regards to the different type of business entity that it covers. It prohibits discrimination on the basis of disability by public accommodations and also in commercial facilities (Brown). It also prohibits the discrimination on the basis of disability by any person who owns or operates a place of public accommodation. However, entities that are controlled by religious organizations, including places of worship, and private clubs are both not covered by Title III. Although private clubs are not covered, their facilities are made available to customers of a place of public accommodation (West). The public accommodations must also provide auxiliary aids and services when they are necessary to ensure effective communication with those with hearing, vision, speech, or similar impairments. TITLE IV- Telecommunications Title IV of the ADA requires that all United States based local or long distance telephone services must provide a relay service for those individuals that are deaf or hard of hearing along with those with speech impediments. Also, people with TDD’s (Telecommunications Device for the Deaf ) and TTY’s (Teletypewriter) who are calling those with out TDD’s or TTY’s and vice versa can make a call through a relay service. The relay service will transmit the call using TDD/TTY or voice depending on the need (Joffee). Today, there are multiple sources of TDD’s and TTY’s available through the internet using broadband connections. TITLE V-Miscellaneous Provisions Title V includes miscellaneous provisions that relate to the application of the ADA. Some of the more notable provisions are: †¢Ã¢â‚¬Å"The ADA shall not be construed to apply a lesser standard than that already in existence under Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 or to invalidate any state or local laws which have stricter provisions. †¢The ADA will not prohibit an insurance company from using sound actuarial data to administer risks, even if the effect is that people with disabilities will be charged more or denied coverage, but it must not be used as a subterfuge to deny coverage. †¢The ADA shall not be construed to require a person to accept an accommodation† (Acemoglu). Conclusion The ADA was instituted to help even the playing field for those with disabilities. But in some ways it has actually discouraged employers from hiring candidates with disabilities due to the perceived extra cost and effort it would take to hire a disabled person. Another reason for criticism is that many lawyers have made a living out of suing non-compliant businesses. There has also been research that concludes the number of disabled employed has actually declined significantly since the passage of the ADA. So while the ADA was instituted for all the right reasons, maybe the plan hasn’t been perfected and it is lacking some effectiveness to date.

Consumer Preferences In The Indian Banking Industry Marketing Essay

Consumer Preferences In The Indian Banking Industry Marketing Essay The Indian banking industry has witnessed a robust growth during the last decade. There are various public, private and multi-national players operating in the industry. Though the importance of better customer service quality is understood in the sector, there exist various other factors that customers consider while evaluating banks. In this paper, the customer preferences in the Indian banking industry are studied using conjoint analysis as a statistical tool. The three product attributes that are analyzed are bank timings, ATM network and customer service reputation. The results show that customers pay a lot of attention to the customer service reputation of the bank. The facilities of the bank regarding branch timings are also looked up by the customers. Adequate recommendations towards gaining competitive advantage are presented at the end of the paper. Key words: Conjoint Analysis, Indian Banks, Consumer Service Introduction Product selection is a complex decision making process involving resolving various trade-offs. For example, a basic trade-off might involve striking balance between better product features and right price. Since an ideal product consisting of the best possible product features is not always feasible, it is important to learn the customer preference for various product attributes. This information can be used by organizations in an industry during product design and improvements in the current product offering. Conjoint analysis is an advanced marketing research tool that finds applications in developing an effective product design. It helps the researcher narrow down the product attributes that matter to the customer and quantify the importance attached to various product attributes. Hence, we can answer which attributes are the most important and which are the least important, as discussed in IBM SPSS (2012). The analysis requires the development of an appropriate questionnaire where in a respondent is required to highlight their preference towards various product attributes combinations. Recently, the technique found applications in various industries to assist product developers and established players towards effective product design. For illustration, Conjoint Analysis is used in Measuring Consumer Preferences for Sales Promotion Schemes in FMCG Sector in Vyas (2005). Hence, any study that contributes in understanding customer preference in an industry is critical towards the development of detailed customer profiles and effective product design. In this paper, we explore the application of Conjoint Analysis in understanding the customer preferences in Indian banking industry. The application of Conjoint Analysis in the banking industry can help us better understand the industry in the following ways: Understanding product attributes relevant to customer- the study helps us understand the attributes that are at top of the priority list of the customers. By analyzing the weights attached to various product attributes, organizations can design their finance products in a better way. Actionable recommendations- The recommendations of the analysis are actionable. For example, issues like interest rate and basic loan terms that are not under the control of bank are not included as a part of actionable and feasible recommendations. However, banks can work towards improving customer service location, attractive location of ATM and comfortable timings of the branches. Applications- The applications of the study could be used in benchmarking Indian customers against their global counterparts in understanding and predicting the next evolution in the Indian banking industry. The results could be used together with Multidimensional Scaling for organizations seeking entrance in the industry or for existing players in understanding brand positioning. Hence, the aim of this analysis is to study the Indian banking customers and find out the utilities of all the product attribute levels and their relative importance. This is done by applying Conjoint Analysis. Due to paucity of time, the study is limited to the bank customers based out of Delhi region. The respondent set is the FMS MBA students. The study aims to find the customer preferences that are important to the customers while evaluating banks. This study is an exploratory research that can be used for future larger studies. Section 1 of the study provides a short introduction of the subject matter along with a brief background. Section 2 delves into the existing literature in the area, which has focused on the same subject matter. Section 3 describes the methodology adopted for the study, including the data collection and analysis. Section 4 discusses the results and findings of the analysis. Literature Review There have been various studies in the past that explore customer preference attributes in various sectors, in India and abroad. We discuss those studies where Conjoint Analysis has been used. ÃÆ'Ã…â€Å"lengi (1998) explored the customer preference in the Turkish Banking industry. They concluded that among other factors, facilities like extended loyalty programs, off-site ATMs, maximum 5-minutes waiting time in the branches are most preferred by the customers. With respect to higher order decision constructs, they also concluded that delivery channels and customer relations have the strongest influence on the respondentà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s preferences. Another study in this domain by Trchrome (2008) also explored the customer preferences in the banking industry. They concluded that customers give importance to type of bank, minimum balance requirements, online banking facilities, customer service quality, and ATM network while evaluating bank options. Of these options, customers give highest importance to balance/fees requirement at the bank (34 %), online banking facilities (24 %) and the type of bank (11 %). In line with this publication, Auruskeviciene, Salciuviene and Virvilaite (2005) explored the banking industry to quantify the marketing image of financial services. There results were as following: service quality (41%), prices of services (26%), convenience and availability (17%), variety of services (13%) as well as bank exterior and interior (3%). As we observe from these studies, customers see a lot of factors while evaluating banks. Of these, branch timings, customer service quality and ATM positioning were explored in the present study. There have been other studies in the sub-segments of the banking industry. Cai and June (2001) analyzed the Internet banking industry to study the change in customer preferences in this sub-segment of the industry. They found out that customer service reputation, banking service products and online systems quality matter the most to the customers in online banking. Kubica (2011) used conjoint analysis to segment young clients in the banking industry. They concluded that profiling young customers is a complex process. Png (2003) explored the specific problem of the amount that could be charged to customers for waiting time. While it can be seen that conjoint analysis has been applied in the global banking industry, its applications in the Indian context is limited. Conjoint analysis application in Indian sectors such as tourism, private label brands (apparel), air freshener and automobile sectors is present. There have been a few studies that explore the consumer preferences in the Indian banking sector. Ananth, Ramesh and Prabaharan (2011) analyze the service quality gap analysis (structured questionnaire) for Indian private banks. They conclude that there are some dimensions in the service quality that are lacking (empathy and accessibility). Komal and Rani (2012) also explore the customer preferences in the domain. The key results are that ATM service quality, internet banking services, credit cards portfolio are important factors considered while evaluating banks. Ananth and Arulraj (2011) measure the banking service quality in Tamil Nadu. They concluded that credit facility (interest rate), Corporate Social Responsibility initiatives and deposit schemes are the most appealing to the Indian consumer. As we see, there is no significant study in the application of conjoint analysis in the Indian banking sector. Hence, the motivation behind this study to explore the consumer preferences in the Indian banking industry through Conjoint Analysis. We intend to understand the product attributes that a prospective bank customer considers while evaluating an Indian bank. Methodology This is an exploratory study. Hence, no hypothesis is formulated. After the results of the analysis are obtained, hypothesis can be developed. Convenience sampling is used for the study. The sample size for the study is 51 respondents. The respondents are from the Full Time and Part Time course of the MBA program at FMS Delhi. The respondents were provided with the questionnaire that requires them to rate the various product-attribute combinations on a scale of 0 to 10. The average age of the respondent set is 29.9 years (standard deviation: 6.98 years) and the average work experience of the respondents is 6.53 years. After carefully reviewing the contemporary literature, the following factors were found relevant to our study: Branch Hours: The time duration for which the branch is open ATM Network: The location of the ATM network with respect to positioning near the branch or at other places Customer Service Reputation: The customer perception of the quality of services offered to customers. The level of these product attributes are as following: Factor Description Levels 1 Branch Hours Weekdays 9-4 The branch timings are from 9 AM to 4 PM Weekdays 9-7 The branch timings are from 9 AM to 7 PM Weekends also The branch is open on weekdays as well as weekends 2 ATM Network At branches The ATM is available only at branches At branches others The ATM is available at branches as well as at other locations 3 Consumer Service Reputation Good The consumer perception of the consumer services is good Average The consumer perception of the consumer services is average Poor The consumer perception of the consumer services is poor Table 1: Product Attributes and Levels As we observe, there are 18 possible combinations out of these product attributes and levels. The 18 combinations or profiles are presented to the respondents in a survey. Beside the responses, other information like respondentà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s age, work experience, sex and absence/presence of a bank account is also collected. Based on the collected responses, conjoint analysis is applied to find out the part worth estimates of the various product attributes. Since the number of attributes is 3, traditional full-profile methodology of conjoint analysis is used. Based on the responses, dummy variable regression is used to find the respective part-worth functions for each respondent. These results are then aggregated to find an overall result. Findings The data from the 51 respondents is analyzed to find out individual, unique part worth functions. The utilities of the various product attributes are as follows: Attribute Level Aggregate Utility Standard Deviation Branch Hours Weekdays 9-4 -1.01 1.18 Weekdays 9-7 0.96 1.02 Weekends also 0.05 0.53 ATM Network At branches -0.38 0.44 At branches others 0.75 0.88 Consumer Service Reputation Good 1.59 0.86 Average -1.62 1.10 Poor 0.03 0.65 Table 2: Aggregate Utilities of Product Attributes and Levels As we observe, the utilities have comparable standard deviations to the aggregate value. The importance of the various product attributes are as follows: Product Attribute Part Worth (%) Branch Hours 34.2 ATM Network 17.1 Customer Service Reputation 48.7 Table 3: Part Worth of Product Attributes As we observe, the customer service reputation (48.7 %) is the most important product attribute among the three product attributes. This reinforces the pre-existing perception that customer service reputation is a key factor that is evaluated by the prospective customers. Second, branch hours (34.2 %) as a product attribute is another important attribute that is evaluated by the customers. Positioning of ATMs is the third parameter that is used during customer evaluation (17.1 %). These results highlight the importance of customer service reputation in the Indian banking industry. Indian banks must attempt to improve the customer perception to gain a competitive advantage. An improved service reputation assists the bank in improving the competitive position of the brand. For a new player that is seeking entry in the industry, investments must be directed to improving the customer experience and customer perception about the same. Next important parameter is the timings of the branches. As seen, usual timings from 9-4 PM are the least preferred. Customers look forward to some sort of facility in this regard. It can either be related to longer branch timings like 9-7 PM or branches being open on weekends. Since the respondent set had people with and without work experience, option of branch hours extending after the usual 4 PM is useful to the working professional. Finally, the positioning of ATM is another important parameter evaluated by the customers. ATM location at the branches and at other places is an attractive preposition. Since it is an exploratory study, there is a further need for a study with a bigger respondent set and product attributes that would throw deeper insights into the importance of other product attributes to the Indian consumers.

Teodoro Moscoso :: Essays Papers

Teodoro Moscoso Teodoro Moscoso and Puerto Rico’s Operation Bootstrap by Alex W. Maldonado tells us about the life of Teodoro Moscoso, the architect of the â€Å"economic miracle† which most experts did not believe could happen in Puerto Rico. Teodoro Moscoso was born in Barcelona on November 26, 1910. His mother, named Alejandrina Mora Fajardo, was a Spaniard from the Balearic island of Majorca. His father, also named Teodoro, was a pharmacist. He wanted to have a son that could help him accomplish, a branch of pharmacies through Puerto Rico. Moscoso attended school in New York and became a good English speaker. He graduated from Ponce High School; soon after this, he was attending the Philadelphia School of Pharmacy. After studying there for 3 years he insisted to his father, to transfer him to the University of Michigan. He wanted to go there because it offered liberal arts courses which he wanted to study. After graduation in 1932 Moscoso returned to Ponce to work at his father’s pharmacy. He married Gloria Sà ¡nchez Vilella, sister of future Puerto Rico governor Roberto Sà ¡nchez Vilella (1965-1969). Pharmacy work bored Moscoso, and in the mid 1930’s when the Ponce Housing Authority (PHA) was about to lose a two million dollar grant, Pedro Juan Rosaly, a PHA board member approached Moscoso’s father and asked if his son could help. Moscoso’s command of the English language was what drew the interest of PHA officials. Moscoso saved the grant and from 1937 to 1941 he build nearly one thousand housing units, clearing many Ponce slums in the process. It was Moscoso’s work at PHA which captured the interest of the newly appointed governor of Puerto Rico, Rexford G. Tugwell. Tugwell was a member President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s brain trust, a group of well educated, committed Americans who went to Washington during the Great Depression to try to lift the nation out of the economic crisis. After a chance meeting when Tugwell visited Moscoso’s pharmacy in Ponce, Teodoro went to work in La Fortaleza as assistant for housing. The title was a formality in order to get Moscoso a salary for his work, but the actual duties were far broader. Another important event in Teodoro Moscoso’s life occurred in the summer of 1940 when Moscoso met Luis Muà ±oz Marà ­n.

A Wireless Communication

5G is a wireless communication and it is updated version from 4G, but it has higher speed reach to 10Gbps. : 1GThe first generation appeared in the early 1980s. Its data rate is 4.2 kbps. It has a lot of flaws Like :Store and listen to voice calls through a third party[1].: 2GThe second generation emerged in the late 1990s. Its data rate reaches 64 kbps. It has many features such as: long battery life for low-power radio signals and many services such as SMS and e-mail[1].:3GThis generation emerged in late 2000. It transmits data at up to 2 Mbps. It has been improved in an unconventional way to maintain and provide quality services. One of its advantages is that it has many amenities such as global roaming and sound quality but requires more power compared to the second generation[1].3.75G:LTE and the worldwide microwave interface Access (WIMAX) is the future of mobile data services. LTE and WIMAX constant has the ability to providing facilities for a large number of users to access a wide range of high speed services Such as on-demand video, and peer-to-peer file sharing Composite Web Services. It also allows operators to manage their network in a very homogeneous manner and provide better coverage while improving it to perform at a lower cost[1].4G:The fourth generation is generally referred to as the scion of 3G and second generation standards. It transfers amenities such as voice, data, and multimedia to subscribersEverywhere and at higher data rates than in previous generations[1].What is 5G ?5G is a combination or amalgamation of all previous Generations that are 2G, 3G, 4G and Wi-Fi with higher capabilities in terms of coverage and reliability. It converges these technologies to increase number of devices and calls and promises in providing higher coverage, availability and M2M service[2].

Introduction to Business: Walmart Essay

1.  Unethical Business Ethics is defined as beliefs about what is right and wrong or good and bad in actions that affect others.( Therefore, unethical behaviour is behaviour that is believed to be bad or wrong actions or decisions. Other definition about ethics is ‘the activity of examining the moral standards of a society, and asking how these standards apply to one’s life and whether these standards are reasonable’ (Velasquez, 1998; pg 11). Ethics are based on personal or social beliefs. Furthermore, these beliefs are our moral standards, and moral standards differ among individuals. Thus, no one can say with certainty that a particular action is right or wrong and good or bad. Business ethics refers to ethical or unethical behaviour of a firm’s employer. Unethical business refer to decision made by employer with getting maximum profit as the main reason and other parties such as employees and customers receives negative effects. For example, a firm advertises their product as the best brand compared to other brands with the same type of product, but the product’s quality is not as good as it purported in the advertisement. 2. Wal-Mart Wal-Mart is the largest American corporation that runs discount department stores. It was found in 1962, Arkansas, USA by Sam Walton. It was incorporated on October 31st, 1969. Furthermore, Wal-Mart is the largest private employer in the world. Wal-Mart owns and operates Sam’s Club(, Wal-Mart Stores Divisions U.S., and Wal-Mart International. Wal-Mart has nine different formats of retail business, which is, supercenters, food and drugs, general merchandise store, small markets, cash and carry stores, membership warehouse clubs, apparel stores, soft discount stores and restaurants. Wal-Mart also offers private label store brands. Private label store brands are products offered by Wal-Mart which usually has the lowest price compared to other brands that offers the same product in the store. These brands are produced by subsidized contracts awarded to the lowest bidder. Wal-Mart’s private label brand includes Sam’s Choice, Great Value and Equate. 3. Discrimination Companies are responsible for any problems in regards to their employee’s welfare. Employees with high position jobs should give proper treatment and avoid discrimination to other employees with less paid jobs. Employees who apply for a position in a firm should not be subjected to discrimination because of their national origin, race, gender, or religion. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibits such forms of discrimination. (Madura, J. 1998) To estimate that a certain company is practicing discrimination against a certain group, is by looking at how that certain group is distributed within the institution. There are three kinds of comparisons that show the practicing of discrimination. They include; comparisons between the average benefits that the discriminated group gets and the average benefits of other workers, comparisons between the level of jobs and comparisons of advantageous positions between the discriminated and the normal labours. However, as an established company, Wal-Mart is not responsible to its workers. In fact, the three kinds of comparisons can be clearly seen in its management. They have been discriminating against women, minorities, and the disabled workers. Furthermore, Wal-Mart’s staff has also been discriminating their customers, racially(. This is very unethical, as the company cannot survive without their clients or customers. By discriminating and making offensive actions racially to customers, customers will switch to the firm’s competitor as the services provided are not satisfying. Moreover, some customers sued Wal-Mart for not being ethically responsible.

What’s in store for nurses in 2018

What’s in store for nurses in 2018 The start of 2018 also means a new year for nurses! If you’re a nurse, you may be wondering what’s in store for you in the coming year- both individually and for the field of nursing in general. Although nursing is a very broad field- nurses are employed in a wide variety of settings (including doctors’ offices, hospitals, schools, outpatient clinics, nursing care facilities, military bases, and home healthcare services), and their responsibilities can vary widely (based on their education, experience level, and licensure)- there are some general workplace and industry trends that we can look at to determine what kind of year nurses can expect in 2018.Industry forecastAccording to the Occupational Outlook Handbook  developed by the United States Department of Labor, the broad job outlook for nurses looking ahead is a good one- employment for nurses is expected to grow faster than the average for all occupations over the next decade. A variety of factors are inv olved in this projected growth, including a growing senior citizen demographic (who will increasingly rely on healthcare services in their older years), an increased public emphasis on preventive care, and a growing rate of chronic conditions (including obesity and diabetes) that will lead to a wide array of healthcare needs. That said, if you’re a nurse- or thinking of becoming a nurse- and are wondering if it’s an industry with an abundance of opportunities or is experiencing over-saturation, rest assured you should not have trouble finding employment if you possess the requisite training, education, experience, and skill set.If you’re wondering which industries will have the highest levels of employment for nurses over the coming years, you can count on medical and surgical hospitals, doctors’ offices, home healthcare service agencies, nursing care facilities, outpatient care centers, and psychiatric and substance abuse hospitals and centers being at t he top of the list. An increasing number of nurses are being employed outside of hospitals, a trend that is expected to continue in 2018. Home-based healthcare is a growing business, and expect to see greater job opportunities for nurses who are willing to travel regularly.Are you curious about the regions and states that will likely have the highest levels of employment opportunities? Expect the highest concentration and need for nurses in the easternmost and westernmost portions of the country, with varying levels of employment in the central states of America. States that you can count on for typically having the highest levels of employment for nurses include California, Texas, New York, Florida, and Pennsylvania. Are you hunting for a bigger paycheck this year? Top paying states, on average, include California, Massachusetts, Hawaii, Oregon, and Alaska.Industry trendsIf you’re curious about the big industry trends that are likely to affect the field of nursing in 2018, T ravelNurse Source  and Licensed Practical Nurse  recently published articles that included their top predictions for the coming year. Expect the following key predictions to have an impact on the field of nursing.Nursing shortageAs hinted at earlier, there is expected to be a shortage of nurses across all disciplines in 2018. The need for experienced and qualified nurses will only continue to grow as the population in general gets older and the levels of chronic illness grows. Furthermore, the average age of nurses is currently over 50, so the number of professionals retiring- and the need for new nurses- will continue to grow over the year and into the future.What does this shortage mean for you as a nurse? Plenty! If you’re a qualified professional this puts you in the â€Å"driver’s seat†- allowing you greater leverage and options for choosing a position and having a prospective employer meet your demands for employment.Rise in technologyWe’re all aware of how recent advances in modern technology have changed nearly every aspect of society, and this includes the field of nursing. Technology will play an increasing role in how nurses perform their daily responsibilities, so expect new tools, simulators, high-tech devices, and other pieces of healthcare technology to be used on the job. Even basic record keeping has gone digital and mobile- today, healthcare professionals can access patient records at the point of contact, instead of having to go back and forth to a dedicated nursing station.Telemedicine has been a big industry buzzword in recent years, and expect it to continue and grow in 2018. Advances in technology have made remote healthcare (often taking advantage of video technology) accessible and affordable, and   it is an increasingly growing field in nursing. Those who get comfortable and experienced in telemedicine will be able to leverage the additional employment opportunities and flexibility it can provide.What does this mean if you’re a nurse or are thinking of becoming one? The bottom line is that the need for tech-savvy nurses will be a big trend in 2018 and beyond, and those industry professionals who possess the skills and mindset to learn how to master new equipment and technology will be especially valuable in the industry.More male nursesThe last several years has seen a sharp increase in the number of men entering the nursing profession, and 2018 will be no exception- expect to see increasing numbers of male nurses across all disciplines. If you’re a male and are thinking of pursuing a career as a nurse, there’s no better time than the present to do so.The future of healthcare landscapePotential changes to state and national healthcare laws, and what will happen to healthcare in general if the Affordable Healthcare Act gets repealed (and what system would potentially replace it) could have a big potential impact on the field of nursing in 2018. We are current ly in â€Å"wait and see† mode regarding this issue, and only time will tell how this fully plays out and how it will effect healthcare professionals in 2018 and beyond.There you have it- some of the key predictions and trends for nursing for 2018. If you’re a nurse or are thinking of becoming one, use the information provided here to set yourself up for career success in 2018 and beyond.

Why Vacation Can Make You a Better Worker

Why Vacation Can Make You a Better Worker The best and most dedicated workers are the ones who blaze through weekends chained to email and log countless hours during non-office hours, right? Not necessarily! A constant grind with no mental and physical breaks can often wear away at you, taking away from your productivity.  Longer hours don’t necessarily mean better work–especially if you’re overtired and overwhelmed. Enrich YourselfIn order to be a good employee, you need to be the best version of yourself. Allotted time for you to do nothing but rest and rejuvenate will amp up your energy. You’ll have the chance to spend quality time with loved ones, see new places, and hopefully even sleep in without setting an alarm clock. When you return to your workplace, you’ll be relaxed and ready to take on projects that might have previously seemed overwhelming.Enrich Your CompanyCompanies want well-rounded workers who are happy, energetic, and able to attack work with creativity. Managers know t hat when employees are happy and in good health, they take fewer sick days and give 100% of themselves on a daily basis. Vacation time is built into most contracts for a reason–you deserve a break from all the hard work you put in.If you’re allotted vacation time, you should take it–you and your company will both reap benefits from your time away.

Opening a New Branch of Disneyland in Dubai Research Paper

Opening a New Branch of Disneyland in Dubai - Research Paper Example Dubai and other Emirates are governed by seven hereditary Sheikhs also known as Emirs. The seven emirates choose the presidents among themselves. Dubai’s Emir, Sheikh Zayed Bin Sultan Al Nahyan is also the president of UAE. He was reelected to his fourth consecutive term in 1991by the Supreme Council of Rulers, the highest body in the country. The council meets informally. The Vice President and Prime Minister is the ruler of Dubai, Sheikh Mohammad Bin Rashid Al Maktoum. There is also a cabinet with various ministries distributed among the seven Emirates. The president is also the Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces. The Federal National Council is the parliament. It was formed in 1972 and is considered a landmark in UAE’s legislative and constitutional process. The role of the parliament is to advice the Supreme Council and the Cabinet. The FNC is made up of 40 members appointed by rulers of the 7 Emirates. The United Arab Emirates is the founding member of the Gulf Cooperation Council which was created as a conference in Abu Dhabi in 1981. Member countries include Kuwait, Qatar, Bahrain, Saudi Arabia and the Sultanate of Oman. UAE is also a member of the Islamic Conference Organization, the United Nations and the League of Arab States. Dubai is basically a civil law jurisdiction, having been influenced by Roman, French and Islamic laws. The increasing presence of international law firms from Common law jurisdiction had confirmed the application of Common Law principles in commercial contract. This, to some extent, has influenced the UAE legal system. A number of codified laws are used to regulate matters arising, such as maritime affairs, labor relations, commercial agencies, commercial transactions, intellectual property and commercial companies. There are two types of laws in Dubai, federal (which apply to all the Emirates) and local (which apply to Dubai only).

World War II Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

World War II - Essay Example This political philosophy as a doctrine of war was contained in his famous book, On War which was adopted as one of the key literature in the Naval War College, the Air War College, the Army War College. Needless to say, Clausewitz military philosophy is central at the US Military schools that even the Marines philosophical manual which is essentially a distillation of  On War, and the newer Marine Corps Doctrinal Publications contained the philosophical philosophy of Clauswitz about war. Considering this circumstances, and after examination of Patton’s military career, pronouncements as a soldier, Patton indeed subscribed to political school of thought in military philosophy. In addition, Patton went to military school (Virginia Military Institute and United States Military Academy) whose course syllabus and teachings were peppered with the political philosophy of Clausewitz. Above all, US military during the Second World War already adopted the policy that is consistent to Political Doctrine of war that the military and its war, is an instrument of the state as it advances or protect its national interest. The doctrine holds that war and its soldier is subordinate to the state. It is a rational instrument of a government as it expresses its national policy. According to this doctrine, wars are being waged by state to achieve certain goals and objectives as it advance or protect its interest. This military doctrine holds that war is not to be waged for the sake of waging war or out of vain grandiosity but as an act of self-defense, assertion of national interest or both. Unlike the other military philosophy that viewed war as a bane and a source of misery, such as the cataclysmic philosophy, the political doctrine of war does not necessarily view as intrinsically evil, but rather a rational instrument that a state must be capable of. Consistent with this, political doctrine also presuppose that to become an effective state instrument, costs of war

Enzymes Limited Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Enzymes Limited - Essay Example As such, the company was also using the same method to calculate the cost incurred thereof. But, conceptually thinking of traditional costing methods brings about many errors in the modern era and therefore raises many doubts regarding its effectiveness in this changing module. There are numerous variables that add upon the cost structure of a manufacturing company rather than only labour or machine cost e.g. advertisement, customer, raw materials, and few others. Moreover, the traditional costing method applies a volume based allocation which often proves to be inappropriate in the modern market assuming something which is not adhered to the actual causes of costing (Averkamp, n.d.). But to take any kind of management decision regarding costs, the information about accurate product costs, resource allocations and many other variables is very significant part. Here the traditional method fails to work with accuracy and therefore has a very minimum contribution in managerial decision making. In this context the growing applicability of Activity-based method is non-negligible, as it emphasises on almost every aspects that traditional methods do not. Activity-based Costing Method assumes that cost variables causes demand for activities, which in turn causes expenditure, unlike the traditional method that assumes only variable cost as reasons of expenditure. Moreover it proves to be more accurate than traditional method in calculating the overhead costs of a product (Minbiole, 1998). Numerically, according to the traditional method, if the total overhead cost is $ 1, 00,000 and the total direct labour dollars comes to a figure of $ 1, 20, 000, the overhead cost per direct labour comes to be $ 0.83, (i.e. $ 1, 00, 000/$ 1, 20, 000). Again assuming the per unit labour cost to be $ 0.387, the overhead cost will stand at the figure of $ 0.32. In the case of Activity-based calculation,

FINITE MATHEMATICS - Number Theory Research Paper

FINITE MATHEMATICS - Number Theory - Research Paper Example In the next step we will truncate numbers to different digits. Our number is 5.3476. Let us examine what is rounding off a decimal place. Our number is 5.3476. We use the same concept as above; the digits after decimal points are called â€Å"tenths†, â€Å"hundredths†, â€Å"thousandths†, and â€Å"ten-thousandths†. There are two rules in rounding up of decimal places. Scenario 2: In this scenario we will add and then round up to the whole number. Let us think, I am in a supermarket. I want to buy three products and make sure I have enough money to pay before I go to the cash register. I already know that when I round up decimal number to the whole number, I increase the result if the number after decimal point is 5 or more. I will use this technique. Step 3: I will add numbers of columns from left to the right. I already know that; 247 is 200 + 40 + 7. So, 135 is 100 + 30 + 5 and 682 is 600 + 80 + 2. I have to use this concept when I add from left to right. Scenario 3: In this scenario, I am in a flea market. I found something that costs $ 8.60 each. I want to buy 7 of them. I have $ 60 in my packet. My goal is to find total price. I will truncate the decimal to the whole number and negotiate the price with the seller. This is a scenario of truncation after multiplication. Thus, if â€Å"p† is a known prime number, there is always a new prime number â€Å"n† which is a larger than the known prime number â€Å"p†. Thus for any prime number there is a larger prime number, so there are infinity number of primes. The figure above represents a 12-hour clock. Clockwise movement increases number from 1 to 12. The number 12 can also be expressed as number 0. Using this clock we can do addition, subtraction, multiplication of integers. An integer is a whole number. There is no decimal. An integer can be a positive number or a negative number. Thus, we can use a 12-hour clock for arithmetic calculation with

It is going to be report format Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

It is going to be report format - Essay Example In Joe’s case, a partnership relationship usually existed between him and his sister: they used to buy tickets together and discuss the possibility of using their shares of the ticket. According to Beyer G.W. and Petrini J. â€Å"If a taxpayer purchased a lottery ticket with the intent and understanding that the proceeds would be shared with others, the courts have treated the proceeds of the ticket as income to all the recipients rather than as income to just the purchaser.†1 However, on that particular week, Joe’s stepsister did not contribute to the purchase of the ticket and the partnership relationship between the two of them stopped at that moment. It is possible to talk about an intention of sharing the profit in the past weeks, when Joe’s stepsister contributed to the lottery ticket’s purchase, which explains Joe’s intention to share the prize. Joe was the only person who bought the ticket and it is clear that under these circumstance s the intention of sharing the possible profit did not exist. ... on that particular week, Joe was the only buyer of the lottery ticket 3. the fact that his stepsister did not contribute to the purchase of the winning lottery ticket may serve as proof in Joe’s favour to show that on that week he did not buy the ticket with the intention of sharing the prize with his stepsister I would advise Joe not to worry about having to share the prize with his stepsister. Word count: 481 words b) I believe that Lawrence & Co can be held liable for inducing Joe to conclude the contract by creating a false representation on the capacity of the premises. According to Richards P. (217) â€Å"A misrepresentation may be defined†¦ as a false statement of fact that induces another to enter into a contract.†2 It is obvious that Lawrence & Co has made a false statement regarding its premises in order to induce Joe to enter into a contract with it. Even though at the beginning of the negotiations Tim actually believed that the premises were big enough to fit 25 of Joe’s courier vans, the fact that the premises were actually smaller than believed was discovered by Tim during the negotiation process. The disclosure of this discovery at that moment would have stopped the negotiation process and lead to a lost deal for Tim’s business. Therefore, Tim voluntarily hid the discovered fact, believing that there will be no legal consequences against him. Moreover, the belief that all 25 courier vans will fit into the premises was practically the reason that convinced Joe to sign the contract. In the case of Derry v Peek3 the House of Lords concluded that â€Å"Fraud is established where it is proved that a false statement is made: (a)

ODD and CD Risk Factors Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

ODD and CD Risk Factors - Term Paper Example The symptoms are: arguing with adults, loss of temper, refuse to obey rules, vindictive, low self-esteem, hold others responsible for their mistakes, angry and annoys people deliberately. Risk Factors Male children and teenagers are more prone to acquiring the disorder than their female counterparts. These children mostly are raised by parents who have a substance abuse problem, moody or with attention deficit. Marital conflicts coupled with child abuse are other factors that increase chances of acquiring ODD. Low socioeconomic status is also noted to contribute and lastly the presence of an inconsistent parental attention. Many researchers maintain that ODD is a benign disorder. Children suffering from ODD are associated with low intelligence and hence are poor academic performers. However, this does not mean that highly intelligent children do not exhibit conduct problems. Due to the hostility aspect exhibited by ODD children they likely end up with poor social lives. Their delinqu ent nature lands them usually in trouble with authorities. In respect to neurochemicals and their relationship with ODD development, studies have shown that low levels of salivary cortisol have a huge correlation with ODD. There is also evidence of genetic attributes liable for ODD. This is where family negativity links up well with antisocial behaviours mostly at the adolescent stage. In order to identify the progressive nature of the disorder in a child one is required to examine them through discussions, talk to their parent(s) and research on their medical past records. Other tests are also necessary so as to determine that it is actually ODD and not any other disorder or problem. This is necessitated by the fact that ODD manifests itself among other neuropsychiatric disorders (Boden, Fergusson & Horwood, 2010). This is in other words termed as comorbidity and examples are ODD coupled with depression and ODD and ADHD. Case disorder Douglas is now 18 years old and is in high scho ol. He is fully rehabilitated from drugs and is seemingly quite happy with the way life is going. However, life as it is has turned for the better for a boy whose life remained a nightmare for him and those around him since he was 12 years old. At this age he started being hot tempered especially when he was denied to go for dances by his parents. He was suspended at the 8th grade after fighting with other children. After returning to school he took up a lifestyle of bullying others and later swore at a judge. He was taken to a Youth Centre for 3 months where he assaulted a guard and got an extension to 7 months. After returning home he decided that was it and unsuccessfully attempted to hang himself. It was later found that apart from having ODD he was also a deeply depressed teenager. Conduct Disorder This is regarded by many researchers as a higher version of Oppositional Defiant Disorder. The one suffering from this disorder hugely curtails the right of others in a social settin g. They tend to be quite aggressive to people and animals. They bully and intimidate them, physically harm others, force others into sexual acts and engage in stealing mostly by confronting their victims. They destroy property deliberately e.g. by setting it on fire and other such destructive measures. They are deceitful and act as thieves by breaking into houses. They often lie to get what they want and involve themselves in petty thefts (Harley, Murtagh and Cannon, 2008). They seriously violate rules

FINITE MATHEMATICS - Number Theory Research Paper

FINITE MATHEMATICS - Number Theory - Research Paper Example In the next step we will truncate numbers to different digits. Our number is 5.3476. Let us examine what is rounding off a decimal place. Our number is 5.3476. We use the same concept as above; the digits after decimal points are called â€Å"tenths†, â€Å"hundredths†, â€Å"thousandths†, and â€Å"ten-thousandths†. There are two rules in rounding up of decimal places. Scenario 2: In this scenario we will add and then round up to the whole number. Let us think, I am in a supermarket. I want to buy three products and make sure I have enough money to pay before I go to the cash register. I already know that when I round up decimal number to the whole number, I increase the result if the number after decimal point is 5 or more. I will use this technique. Step 3: I will add numbers of columns from left to the right. I already know that; 247 is 200 + 40 + 7. So, 135 is 100 + 30 + 5 and 682 is 600 + 80 + 2. I have to use this concept when I add from left to right. Scenario 3: In this scenario, I am in a flea market. I found something that costs $ 8.60 each. I want to buy 7 of them. I have $ 60 in my packet. My goal is to find total price. I will truncate the decimal to the whole number and negotiate the price with the seller. This is a scenario of truncation after multiplication. Thus, if â€Å"p† is a known prime number, there is always a new prime number â€Å"n† which is a larger than the known prime number â€Å"p†. Thus for any prime number there is a larger prime number, so there are infinity number of primes. The figure above represents a 12-hour clock. Clockwise movement increases number from 1 to 12. The number 12 can also be expressed as number 0. Using this clock we can do addition, subtraction, multiplication of integers. An integer is a whole number. There is no decimal. An integer can be a positive number or a negative number. Thus, we can use a 12-hour clock for arithmetic calculation with

ODD and CD Risk Factors Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

ODD and CD Risk Factors - Term Paper Example The symptoms are: arguing with adults, loss of temper, refuse to obey rules, vindictive, low self-esteem, hold others responsible for their mistakes, angry and annoys people deliberately. Risk Factors Male children and teenagers are more prone to acquiring the disorder than their female counterparts. These children mostly are raised by parents who have a substance abuse problem, moody or with attention deficit. Marital conflicts coupled with child abuse are other factors that increase chances of acquiring ODD. Low socioeconomic status is also noted to contribute and lastly the presence of an inconsistent parental attention. Many researchers maintain that ODD is a benign disorder. Children suffering from ODD are associated with low intelligence and hence are poor academic performers. However, this does not mean that highly intelligent children do not exhibit conduct problems. Due to the hostility aspect exhibited by ODD children they likely end up with poor social lives. Their delinqu ent nature lands them usually in trouble with authorities. In respect to neurochemicals and their relationship with ODD development, studies have shown that low levels of salivary cortisol have a huge correlation with ODD. There is also evidence of genetic attributes liable for ODD. This is where family negativity links up well with antisocial behaviours mostly at the adolescent stage. In order to identify the progressive nature of the disorder in a child one is required to examine them through discussions, talk to their parent(s) and research on their medical past records. Other tests are also necessary so as to determine that it is actually ODD and not any other disorder or problem. This is necessitated by the fact that ODD manifests itself among other neuropsychiatric disorders (Boden, Fergusson & Horwood, 2010). This is in other words termed as comorbidity and examples are ODD coupled with depression and ODD and ADHD. Case disorder Douglas is now 18 years old and is in high scho ol. He is fully rehabilitated from drugs and is seemingly quite happy with the way life is going. However, life as it is has turned for the better for a boy whose life remained a nightmare for him and those around him since he was 12 years old. At this age he started being hot tempered especially when he was denied to go for dances by his parents. He was suspended at the 8th grade after fighting with other children. After returning to school he took up a lifestyle of bullying others and later swore at a judge. He was taken to a Youth Centre for 3 months where he assaulted a guard and got an extension to 7 months. After returning home he decided that was it and unsuccessfully attempted to hang himself. It was later found that apart from having ODD he was also a deeply depressed teenager. Conduct Disorder This is regarded by many researchers as a higher version of Oppositional Defiant Disorder. The one suffering from this disorder hugely curtails the right of others in a social settin g. They tend to be quite aggressive to people and animals. They bully and intimidate them, physically harm others, force others into sexual acts and engage in stealing mostly by confronting their victims. They destroy property deliberately e.g. by setting it on fire and other such destructive measures. They are deceitful and act as thieves by breaking into houses. They often lie to get what they want and involve themselves in petty thefts (Harley, Murtagh and Cannon, 2008). They seriously violate rules

The characters in Of Mice and Men Essay Example for Free

The characters in Of Mice and Men Essay Many of the characters in Of Mice and Men have dreams. What are their dreams and how near are any of them to achieving what they want? Many characters have dreams and aspirations in the story Of Mice and Men and try to achieve them in different ways. Many characters have dreams and I will be discussing the dreams of: Candy, Crooks, Curley and his wife. Candy, Crooks and Curley wife all have similar dreams, which is to have freedom and equality. All three characters are treated with very little respect and are seen as lower class due to race, gender, age or disability. Dreams are very important to the characters as they help them to escape from reality even if only for a short while. Their dreams are also significant as they are hope that things will get better and are vital to keep spirits high. However, many peoples dreams were affected by the economic downfall that America experienced. The story is set in the 1930s, which was when America experienced the Wall Street crash. This was when the stock market collapsed and many Americans lost thousands of dollars they had invested. This caused mass homelessness and led to the great depression. During this era there was lots of prejudice and discrimination against black people, women, the elderly and the disabled. This affected them the worst as any time when life was getting tough they were hit much worse and were the first to experience suffering. This tough lifestyle encouraged people to dream as many people believed in the American Dream which was that everyone deserved a piece of prosperity if they worked hard enough. So a dream helped people to get by as it encouraged people to work hard and remain optimistic that they can succeed and it also helped people by temporarily escaping from reality. One character in the story called Candy had a dream but it was crushed when he busted his hand and he gave up. Candy is the first person George and Lennie meet on the ranch and he was the swamper. Later on in the novel Candy overhears George and Lennie speaking of their dream and he becomes involved as when he busted his hand he received compensation and offers his money and says he would cook for them. For example Candy says: I aint much good, but I can cook and tend the chickens. This dream is very important for Candy as he is getting old and needs to retire soon so he becomes very enthusiastic and optimistic about the dream and starts to realise that he may be able to retire and live happily. This is shown when Candy interrupts George and the way that he is being inquisitive. Candy then talks of the dream to Crooks even though George said not to talk about it to anyone else. When Candys dog dies there is a sense of dramatic irony as it is almost foreseeing a bad event is about to occur. Later Candy goes into the barn to check on Lennie but instead discovers a shocking sight, Curleys wife laying dead in the middle of the barn and he sense it is the end of the dream for example he says: Oh Jesus Christ! this shows his show and despair as he knows its only the beginning of bad events. However, Candy doesnt want to let the dream go and shows he wants to carry on dreaming as he says: You and me can get that little place, cant we George? Candy feels very strongly about the dream as he starts yelling at Curleys dead wife that she ruined their dream. This is shown when he says: You God dam tramp and You done it didnt you. Although Candy does get quite close to his dream with George and Lennie I do not think he will achieve his dream as his hope has now gone as he faces reality that he can not work on his own and make his dream come true. Candys hope did inspire Crooks to dream and at one stage Crooks was thinking about joining their dream. Candy thinks that Crooks is a nice fella for a black man and that although he is black they get on well. Candy also says The boss gives him hell when he mad. This shows that if the boss is angry he will take it out on Crooks due to his minority ethnicity in the 1930s. Crooks has lots of possessions including law books. This is shown in the following quote: And he had books, too; a tattered dictionary and a mauled copy of the California civic code for 1905. This shows us that he has an interest in law and his own rights. This gives us the impression that Crooks dreams of freedom as he keeps a law book on him so he knows what rights he does have even though there are very few. Crooks had a daydream about the past when he did not know of racism as a child and played with the white children unaware of the discrimination he was later to face. People treat Crooks with no respect yet he does not react but he doesnt have a choice as he is outnumbered and treated unfairly. Crooks does not mind Lennie and Candy visiting his room as they are similar to him as they are both treated with less respect due to mental or physical disabilities. When Crooks first hears about the dream he laughs at Lennie and says he is crazy. This is shown by the following quote: Youre as crazy as a wedge. What rabbits you talking about? This simile shows how crazy Crooks thinks Lennie is. . However, after Candy explains it all to him Crooks gets involved with it and says If you guys wanted a hand to work for nothing just for his keep, Id come and lend a hand. Then Curleys wife comes along and ruins the dream for Crooks by insulting the three of them. For example she calls them: A Nigger an a dum-dum and a lousy ol sheep Curleys wife then goes on to belittle Crooks even more by saying: Well, you keep your place then, Nigger. I could get you strung up on a tree so easy it aint even funny. This make Crooks go silent and he no longer wants to be in the dream. For example: Crooks seemed to grow smaller. This shows that Crooks has now been silenced and has to accept that he has no say once again. Crooks is nowhere near close to achieving his dream of freedom and equality, as there will be racism and intolerance for a long while. Crooks hope was shot down when Curleys wife came in and ruined his dream. Curleys wife is described as very purty but jail bait. This is because she is very pretty but she is very promiscuous so Curley gets suspicious when she talks to another guy and he would start a fight if he caught her. Lennie thinks that she is very attractive and this worries George as he has a history of going for attractive girls as he held a womans dress previously and caused trouble. I think Curleys wife is exactly how the men think of her, that she is a tart. This is because she goes around giving other men the eye and is always flirting with other men. However, she is only like this because Curley gives her very little attention and treats her with no respect so if she had a good husband she would act appropriately. Life is very tough for her on the ranch because all she wants is some love and attention what Curley does not give her and the other men do not either, as they are afraid of Curley. I think she turned nasty in Crooks room because they were reluctant to talk to her and she just flipped out of frustration. Curleys wife dreams of being in the movies and being a famous actor as she met a man who said she could be a star and ever since then she hoped for the best. This is shown when she says: An a guy told me he could of put me in pitchers. Curleys wife needed to have dreams as they kept her going and made her fell as though her life would one day get better and she could be a movie star. When Curleys wife was found dead it ruined everyones dream. George and Lennie could no longer get their own place as Lennie was about to be hunted down and Crooks and Candy could no longer get out of the ranch and live with them as the dream was fuelled entirely on Lennies enthusiasm. Curley was a terrible husband to his wife as he paid no attention to her whatsoever and maybe she was better off dead than living with him. For example Curleys Wife says: swell guy, aint he? this shows that she is being sarcastic and really telling them hes a bad husband. So far most of the character we met, apart from the boss and slim, have dreams; however, it is unlikely that anyone will fulfill these dreams as one small event could end on big dream. Contrasting dreams are important to different people and when the novel was set dreams were more significant due to the corrupt way of society back then. So dreams were hope, inspiration and optimism to those who were disliked by society and were at a disadvantage. The title of the novel Of Mice and Men was derived from the poem To A Mouse. John Steinbeck may have chosen this, as the meaning of to a mouse is that no plan is foolproof, which is what happens in the story as the dream was not definitely going to happen and it did not. He may have also done this as in To A Mouse Robert Burns says: The best laid schemes o mice an men Gang aft agley. This translates as the best-laid plans of mice and men often go astray. This is an overview of Of Mice and Men as the dream was well planned but it went wrong. No Matter how much you plan and how near you get nothing is set in stone.

Social Professional And Ethical Issues Media Essay

Social Professional And Ethical Issues Media Essay Video games have become a very popular activity for people among all ages. Most of them are use computers for entertainment purpose. In entertainment these computer are given different ways to enjoy. Such as Music, Movies, games are some of them. In entertainment computer games are one of the most popular softwares of the young generation in the world. These computer games are used by teenagers, kids and most of the people are addicted to computer gaming. Sometime all family members are used to play when their leisure time. The video games have become very modern and realistic. Day by day computer game developing companies are releasing different types of computer games to the market word widely. Adventure games, shooting games, fighting games, knowledge games and simulation games are some of them. This computer games can be categorized in to two main parts such as Single player computer games and multiplayer computer games. This both game category have ethics, social issues, profess ional issues and legal issues such as, Action games (killing the people and animals) abuse drugs and using alcohol Stories of Criminal behavior Sexual photograph / videos and violence toward women In the new technology and high speed internet connections are very popular for multiplayer online games. When we are playing the online game we have to register with our personal information and financial informations. Ones the game has been updated the personal and financial informations such as credit card information, e-mail address and photos. This informations can be hacked and use for harmful things. What are the ethical issues in playing video games extensively for entertainment and recreation, as well as they can act as a catalyst in reducing tension? Due to the advancement of technology, video games evolved and grown to become a great empire affect those in this area. And thus are bringing many of the ethical issues to our attention because of this development. As a result, we must recognize how the new video games affect to the moral of the people who play them. Ethical issues for video games that affect many people as follows: violence, appreciation, education, and community profiling against women and addiction. Eventually, associated with each topic on violence participate in video games. Studies have shown most of the children who are playing violent video games are not fear to the horror of violence because their mind accustomed to the violence behaviors. Some children solve the problem using the experience gain from violent video games. Children continue playing realistic violence game arise the impact on children. Children and adolescents participate overly so obsessed with video games. They are spending more time for playing these games so in future make problems such as: Poor social skills No time to spend with family Less school homework and hobbies Less exercising and becoming overweight Less reading ability In education aspect some video games are ethical and some of them are not ethical. When we are talk about the social issues paying video games. The games who are playing in online, game servers are automatically registering the player creating profile on it. It is a one of the risk to the game player who is playing on line computer games. Such as talking, chatting and instant, massage to the players. The game players have to register online to play the games. During the game the player has opportunity to communicate with the player who is playing on line at the same time. Then the other player can get details such as email address and personal information etcetera. During the game the computer hackers can hack players profile such as face book, credit card information, e-mail address. The hackers use the players information for the illegal activities such as hackers can send virus, spy wares, Trojan houses and worms, porn site or terrorism purpose and much more bad things. Games are popular among not only young ones and adults but also children. During the game inappropriate sexual pictures and movie clips are appeared on the screen can be harmful to the gamer. GTA game is one of the examples. Try to experience these inappropriate things make social, legal, ethical and educational problems, These are some of the titles that could cause maybe a bad influence on children, preparing for war, Call of Duty is one of the most popular in the second liens out there today, then there is games that take things zombie feature to far, from, Left 4 Dead, Killing Floor, Dead Space,  Bio-shock, can be vital shock also very troublesome for young people. When we are consider on video games which can be drag person to bad situation. The violence video game can improve harmful thoughts and unusual behavior in a person attitude in society and also in laboratory setting. Some video games are more harmful than TV programs and movies including violence activities, because of interactive nature of games. The person who plays violent video games can learn and practice aggressive ideas in a short period. On the other hand for a long period of aggressive behavior leads the player to practice new aggression using new technology that can be accessed over for use when real situations of conflict appear life. Fig 1: Some longitudinal factors for youth violence Fig 2: The comparative effect sizes of violent video game effects and other well-known phenomena As video games have become increasingly realistic, and includes a subset of games. The violence and gore, antisocial behavior anxiety among parents, teachers and children advocates, medical professionals, and policy makers compared with the television video game. However, while more research is necessary to obtain accurate information and early results should be taken showed a video game help to create serious violence in mind. P. Willenz. (2000), D. Walsh., (2001) Games have taught both adults and children many things, some useful, others believes that it is immoral. Some players and developers say that video games are the best in teaching logic and problem solving skills of many school curricula. Although other says that video games impress violent thought in people mind. In order to determine whether video games are good or bad in terms of education, we need to evaluate positive and negative results. While we may have noticed that there are so many different kinds of video games like a game for children, Problem solving, fighting games, Action Games, Strategy Games, games and intended for adults only. It also explains each individual various games with the provisions of its own the players can have the same kind of skills from some types of games. For example the players have to use their logical skill to continue adventure game such as puzzle game helps to improve problem solving skills, ability to analyze the problems to solve various puzzle. Anderson, C.A. Bushman. B.J. (2001) However, there are some important questions to think about. How affect these benefits against addiction to video games? How is violence and addiction Interlinked with each other? What kind of effects the video games are done to our society? Or, how many video games obstruct peoples commitment or daily works? A computer games are also affected to the professional field. Some of the employers adduct to the games cause to neglect and delay the duties of the company. This situation is also affect to the professional progress of the employers, because they dont perform these duties well and also they  are suffering from stress when the duties are loaded. When the employers dont accomplish their duties on time cause to make bad view of the employers and company  in the society. This will badly affect to the progress of the company and also object of the company. People who are addicted to video game need to continue video game, if it over they suffer from loneliness and also spend solitary life. Moreover, there are serious consequences for those who are connected to unnecessary video games, as they can adversely affect the community as a whole, not just the people around them. They are more likely to resolve hostile situations with aggressive solutions, such as acts of violence, when these situations arise. The science of behavior through threats and violence and to engage in video games that involving others in the community. Through violence, and there are many games that involve violence, as well as other relevant content violence. This may lead to a lot of people to think that these types of playing video games can causes a person to be more aggressive. By guest games, it helps parents young and children to choose appropriate game for their children. However, others fear that this classification system doesnt prevent people from access to video games that are inappropriate for their age. Through the education point of view, and there are different things games can be taught us, and some are positive and others negative. Through stereotypes, and video game industry focus towards more men than women, so many people think stereotype is against women. Finally, through addiction and community, and participate in an enormous amount of time playing a video game caused people addicted to it. As a result, they lose the value of time in their communities and miss opportunities of other activities that can be mor e useful for them. Some of them declare video games are for entertainment not creating any ethical problem. Although we emphasize video game players and developers need ethical awareness about video games. Thus they can aware more about the issue and take prompt action to concern of violent video games. The video games which include violence may be minimizing cause the strength of any person can becoming more aggressive and to take action to prevent them. To minimize ethical problem need to activate policies and regulations. Write suggestions to the ESRB to create assessments of their effectiveness rate the content of each video and take action to aware retailers to locked up highest rated games and educate the parents to be more concern about the games which are the children playing. These are the action should be change the situation is need to be activated.

LICORICE :: essays research papers

LICORICE There are several varieties of the herb, Licorice. Its name is derived from the two Greek words meaning ‘sweet’ and ‘root’. It is one of the oldest and best-known remedies for coughs and chest complaints. The knowledge and use of it dates back to the time of the early days of Egyptian civilisation. The Hindus, Greeks, Romans, Babylonians, and Chinese all knew about the values of Licorice. It is an enduring herb, which grows in most moderate countries. It varies from about two to five feet high, with long, smooth green leaves and yellowish white or purplish flowers. The root is light brown with a very sweet taste; fifty times the sweetness of cane sugar. It is an ointment, a cough mixture, and a laxative. Its roots penetrate deeply into the ground and contain an abundance of valuable properties. It is indigenous of Greece, Asia Minor, Spain, Southern Italy, Syria, Iraq, Caucasian and Transcaspian Russia, Northern China, Persia and North Africa. Tons of Licorice are used by all countries today for foods, medicines, beverages, and many confections, etc. The United States imports about fifty million pounds of Licorice root and about half that amount of liquid extract yearly. The root comes mainly from Iraq, Turkey, Russia, Syria, Italy, and British East Africa. The liquid extract is imported mostly from Spain. Some of the Licorice extract entering the United States is used by the drug industries and made into various medications because of its demulcent and expectorant properties. The root, which is made into a powder, is often used in the preparation of pills. The extract has almost the powder as a remedial agent. Much of the Licorice supply is used by the tobacco industry as a conditioning and flavouring agent. It is also used by the confectionery industry as a base for a wide variety of candies. The residual material after extraction is used as a stabiliser in the production of foam fire extinguishers and as a fertiliser for mushrooms. The Chinese herbalists regard Licorice as a healing agent either by itself or as an ingredient in various herbal formulas. It is also used to flavour beer or ale, ice creams, and as Licorice water, which is a blood purifier. Licorice water was a popular drink in Egypt during the ancient days. The youthful Pharaoh Tutankhamen was buried with a supply of Licorice root to help him on his last long journey. It was a very therapeutic sweet drink for all the natives of those times. LICORICE :: essays research papers LICORICE There are several varieties of the herb, Licorice. Its name is derived from the two Greek words meaning ‘sweet’ and ‘root’. It is one of the oldest and best-known remedies for coughs and chest complaints. The knowledge and use of it dates back to the time of the early days of Egyptian civilisation. The Hindus, Greeks, Romans, Babylonians, and Chinese all knew about the values of Licorice. It is an enduring herb, which grows in most moderate countries. It varies from about two to five feet high, with long, smooth green leaves and yellowish white or purplish flowers. The root is light brown with a very sweet taste; fifty times the sweetness of cane sugar. It is an ointment, a cough mixture, and a laxative. Its roots penetrate deeply into the ground and contain an abundance of valuable properties. It is indigenous of Greece, Asia Minor, Spain, Southern Italy, Syria, Iraq, Caucasian and Transcaspian Russia, Northern China, Persia and North Africa. Tons of Licorice are used by all countries today for foods, medicines, beverages, and many confections, etc. The United States imports about fifty million pounds of Licorice root and about half that amount of liquid extract yearly. The root comes mainly from Iraq, Turkey, Russia, Syria, Italy, and British East Africa. The liquid extract is imported mostly from Spain. Some of the Licorice extract entering the United States is used by the drug industries and made into various medications because of its demulcent and expectorant properties. The root, which is made into a powder, is often used in the preparation of pills. The extract has almost the powder as a remedial agent. Much of the Licorice supply is used by the tobacco industry as a conditioning and flavouring agent. It is also used by the confectionery industry as a base for a wide variety of candies. The residual material after extraction is used as a stabiliser in the production of foam fire extinguishers and as a fertiliser for mushrooms. The Chinese herbalists regard Licorice as a healing agent either by itself or as an ingredient in various herbal formulas. It is also used to flavour beer or ale, ice creams, and as Licorice water, which is a blood purifier. Licorice water was a popular drink in Egypt during the ancient days. The youthful Pharaoh Tutankhamen was buried with a supply of Licorice root to help him on his last long journey. It was a very therapeutic sweet drink for all the natives of those times.

Hepatitis A Essay -- essays research papers fc

Introduction: Hepatitis is caused by a virus that is targeted at the liver, one of your most important organs!! Specifically, it causes inflammation and injury to the liver. Hepatitis comes in many different forms, five to be exact. There is Hepatitis A, B, C, D & E. Hepatitis is caused mainly by viruses, all of which are set on shutting down your liver. I will be specifically concentrating on Hepatitis A in this report. Hepatitis A is also known as infectious Hepatitis, an extremely contagious viral infection that often effects young children and young adults, especially those in large groups. It has been known to break out in schools, summer camps and music festivals etc. Hepatitis A is also very common in developing nations. Outbreaks occur due to unsanitary conditions such as contamination of the food and water supply. The Liver: The liver is an organ which is located upper right part of your abdomen. It has one main function. This function is to clean out your blood. How this happens is from your inferior venacava, there is a group if veins called the mesenteric veins. They branch off and take dirty blood to your liver to be cleaned. Now, when the virus moves in and stops the liver from doing its job, just imagine all the toxins and unwanted waste and chemicals that build up in your body.!! Causes: Hepatitis A is transmitted almost always by the fecal oral route. It is spread by close personal contact with fecally contaminated water supplies, fruits and vegetables. Poor personal hygiene promotes spread of the virus as well which is why the incidence of Hepatitis is higher in developing nations, where poor sanitary conditions exist. It can also be transmitted by raw or partially cooked clams from contaminated water. Properties of the virus: The hepatitis A virus is a non - enveloped 27 nano meters in size, virus. It is characterized as a RNA based virus. Inactivation of viral activity can be achieved by heating to 100 Â °C for five minutes, and by contact with formaldehyde and chlorine or by ultraviolet irradiation. The virus is present in the liver, bile, stool and blood during the illness. Symptoms: The symptoms of viral hepatitis are not very pretty. Getting Hepatitis is not a fun experience. The first symptoms of Hepatitis A are mild and vague. They generally appear from about 2 weeks to 6 months after ex... ...me up with a new vaccine against Hepatitis A called Havrix. I know about this because last year, before my family and I went on a trip to India, we all got vaccinated against Hepatitis A with Havrix. None of the books from which I researched had any thing about Havrix because they were not that up to date. Prognosis: In most cases of infectious Hepatitis, previously healthy people fully recover with in 2 - 6 weeks. Patients in old age or people with serious underlying disorders such as heart failure, Anemia, diabetes, cancer etc. have a much longer recovery period and are more likely to develop a much worse case of the infection and have a poorer prognosis. However, the over all mortality rate of Hepatitis A is less than 1 percent. Bibliography: 1) Principles Of internal Medicine, Isselbacher, Adams, Braunwald, Petersdorf, Wilson, Mc Graw Hill 1978 2) Medical diagnosis & Treatment, Marcus A. Krupp, Milton J. Chatton, 1980 3) Principals and practice of medicine, Harvey, Johns, Mckusick, Owens, Ross, Appleton - Century - Crofts 1979. 4) Medical & health Encyclopedia, Sidney S. Schipper, Round the world books, 1988 5) World Book Encyclopedia, 1992

Evaluation of a Gas Constant (Experiment 3) Essay

Experiment 3: Evaluation of Gas Constant Purpose: The purpose of this lab is to demonstrate the ideal gas law under ordinary conditions. In this lab, the variables in the ideal gas law are known or can be found aside from the constant R. Thus, the R values can be found and relatively determine the relevancy of the ideal gas law to the lab conditions. The ideal gas law was tested using the reaction: Mg (s) + 2HCl2 (aq) H2 (g) Procedure: 1. Ribbons of magnesium (5) were cut to the approximate length of the instructor’s example and were weighed separately on scale #1. 2. HCl provided by the instructor was added to a eudiometer tube (8mL). The rest of the tube was filled with water. One of the magnesium tapes was wrapped around a piece of copper wire in the opening of the tube. 3. The eudiometer tube was then inverted over and into a 450 mL beaker with water. The initial volume was recorded. 4. While the reaction occurred, the temperature was taken at 1 minute intervals for 3 minutes. 5. After the reaction occurred, the height difference from the solution within the eudiometer tube and the top of the liquid volume in the beaker was recorded. The final volume was also recorded. Summary Table: Mean of R= .0737 Standard Deviation= .0298 Relative Standard Deviation= 40.46% Summary Table: Mean of R= .0737 Standard Deviation= .0298 Relative Standard Deviation= 40.46% Discussion: This lab was supposed to generate numbers close to the R constant by plugging in the values acquired in reaction Magnesium and Hydrochloric acid reaction. (The reaction results in H2 gas.) The mean acquired from our data set was .0737 L-ATM/mol-K as opposed to the actual constant .08206 L-ATM/mol-K. The constant we acquired was much lower in value, potentially due to the outlier in our data set: Trial Four. Trial Four resulted in the R value .0205 ATM-L/K-mol which skewed our relative mean, standard deviation and relative standard deviation. By removing the fourth trial from the data set, the new mean is .08705 L-ATM/mol-K, a closer but slightly higher R value. The standard deviation would be .00236 and the relative standard deviation would be 2.71%. These values have more precision than the 40.46% relative standard deviation and .0298 standard deviation acquired in the entire data set. I believe there must have been an error in the methodology to produce the outlier result in the fo urth trial. Too much liquid could have been spilled during the process or perhaps the magnesium did not fully react because it was so tightly bound around the copper. The error in this lab could range from those listed above and inaccurate measurements.

Computer science and information technology Essay

The hard work and determination to create opportunities for change remains to be the main inspiration of man towards the attainment of his personal goals and objectives. They use these experiences as motivation and strength to further advance in their respective fields. Not only does it enhance their capabilities as an individual, at the same time it provides the necessary stepladder in attaining success. With these, I wish to express my intention to apply for a PhD degree in Web Engineering Technology. The realm of computer science and information technology has always fascinated me. It stimulated my mind of this complex processes that happens within for a particular system to work. This complexities and possibilities have made me keen of the possible opportunities that are yet to be discovered or formulated. This however, can only be facilitated by further education and research. Looking at my educational background, I finished my Bachelor of Science in Computer Science. After this, I began teaching students about the things I had learned during my study. Given my good academic standing, I was given a full scholarship by my country to study in the United States. This proved to be too good to be true for me as it can help me achieve my long term goals – better my skills and competence in the field. Being an international student, I was faced with numerous struggles and difficulties adjusting. But my hard work paid off. Now, I am currently finishing my last semester to complete my Masters degree in Computer Science. I can say that this experience enhanced my interpersonal and leadership skills which I can effectively apply in practice. Now, it is my utmost intention to pursue a PhD program and focus on the field of Web design Technology. I chose this specialization because I am greatly interested in the increasing number of techniques and strategies available in Web Design. Likewise, I had familiarized myself with this study and hope that in the future I can be able to provide a lot of research in my chosen field of profession. In the end, this stepping stone is a vital process towards my personal fulfillment and professional success.